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Bali, Indonesia
Besakih Temple, also known as Pura Besakih, is the largest and most sacred Hindu temple complex in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia. Located on the slopes of Mount Agung, the highest and holiest volcano in Bali, the temple is widely known as the Mother Temple of Bali.
Besakih Temple, also known as Pura Besakih, is the largest and most sacred Hindu temple complex in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia. Located on the southwestern slopes of Mount Agung, the highest and holiest volcano in Bali, Besakih is widely known as the Mother Temple of Bali and serves as the spiritual center of Balinese Hinduism.
The history of Besakih Temple dates back more than a thousand years and is closely linked to the development of Hindu culture on the island. The vast complex consists of over 80 individual temples, with Pura Penataran Agung as the main temple dedicated to Shiva. Other temples within the complex honor Brahma, Vishnu, and various local deities, reflecting the harmony of Balinese Hindu belief.
Architecturally, Besakih Temple showcases classic Balinese design with split gates (Candi Bentar), grand stone stairways, and multi-tiered shrines (Meru) arranged in ascending terraces toward Mount Agung. The layout follows the sacred mandala concept, symbolizing the balance between humans, nature, and the divine, while the cool mountain climate enhances the spiritual atmosphere.
Today, Besakih Temple remains an active place of worship and a major cultural landmark in Bali. Important religious ceremonies are held regularly and attract thousands of pilgrims from across the island. With its monumental scale, deep spiritual meaning, and dramatic mountain setting, Besakih Temple stands as the most important spiritual heritage site in Bali and a must-visit destination for cultural travelers.
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